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Eyes Wide Open How to Make a GBM 381 COMPLETE COURSE (International Trade) 

Key Concepts  By using different techniques to take control of how decisions are made, it is possible to increase the odds that choices will be successful. Recognize that in an age of data deluge, continuous disruption, and disorder we need different decision-making skills. BUSN 115 Week 2 Discussions 1 International Trade or Stay Close to Home Advances in technology have dramatically changed the nature of work and home life. People have access to huge amounts of data from many different sources. At the same time digital overload makes it hard to carve out time to think. To navigate this complexity, people need to develop a tool  box to support better decision-making.  BUS 325 Assignment 3 International Assignment Presentation NEW  Look beyond the obvious and assess the bigger picture.  There are many pitfalls that cause people to ignore  important information when making decisions— overuse of Powerpoint and overreliance on metrics  are just two examples. Being cognizant of these potential problems and slowing down the decision- making process can help individuals keep their  eyes wide open.

 Understand that different factors manipulate how  people make decisions.  Language, BUS 325 Assignment 2 International Assignment NEW, music, and  touch can all affect the way people make choices.  By actively reflecting on decisions and “anchors,”  it is possible to improve decisions.

 Challenge traditional experts and seek out “ACC 562 WK 7 Assignment 3  F  C International” All too often people blindly accept advice from experts. Instead, individuals should challenge information from experts whose track records can be  pretty poor. In addition, “BA 405 Week 1 Assignment  Building an International Company” those who  have experience on the front lines and ground floor  often have new insights that can be valuable.

 ENGL 230 Week 1  National and International Ethics DQ 1 whether online information sources may be  useful. Social media tools offer insight into how  people are thinking about different issues. Listening in on chatter can help preempt crises or trends.  However, online data will not always be credible. 

All Rights Reserved else” of online information to ascertain how trust - worthy it is.

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 People are of - ten manipulated by statistics. Learning the common ways that data is distorted can be valuable.

 Acknowledge that emotions and physical cues can affect  decisions. Many individuals do not realize that their  emotional state can have a strong impact on their  choices. The same applies to making decisions  when one is hungry or FIN 403 Week 5 Learning Team Assignment International Portfolio Diversification Paper. 

 Seek out divergent opinions. Whether at work or at  home, it is never good to be surrounded by people  who share similar ways of thinking. Many bad decisions have been made due to conformity and in - sufficient divergence of opinions.  Introduction Everyone is faced with decisions in their personal  and professional lives. The decision-making ASHFORD MGT 450 Week 5 DQ 2 Globalization and International Markets  can be daunting since making the wrong choice can  have serious repercussions. Despite this fact, many  people do not give much thought to how they make  decisions and how that process could be improved. In  Eyes Wide Open , Hertz suggests that individuals must take a closer look at how they approach  decision-making. By using different techniques to  take control of how one makes decisions, it is possible  to increase the likelihood that one’s choices will be  successful. Coming to Grips with a World in Hyper- Drive  Lifestyles today have been dramatically changed by  technology. Technology has also had a significant  impact on people’s ability to gather information, analyze it intelligently, and make smart choices. Hertz  suggests that there are three aspects of home and  work life that affect how people make decisions:

1. MKT 450 Week 2 Learning Team Assignment International Marketing Plan Mission. Thanks to the Internet and  other information sources, it is now possible to  get data directly from the source, in unedited  form. While this represents a great opportunity,  the sheer volume of data is also a concern. Studies have found that people cannot hold more than  seven pieces of information in their minds simultaneously. In addition, it is necessary to filter through  data to determine what is credible and what is not.

2. EDL 510 Week 2 Learning Team Assignment International Education Presentation. People today spend  as much as three quarters of their time receiving  information from email, mobile phones, text messages, Skype calls, and more. It is essential that  people become skilled at evaluating information in  spite of never ending interruptions.

 3. CJA 492 Week 5 Learning Team Assignment International View on Imprisonment. Established information sources  have been augmented with new, crowd-sourced  online information outlets. Yet, the new curators of  information may not be trustworthy. The resulting  disorder has the potential to stimulate innovation  and positive change, but it also can generate uncertainty and make people feel like they are unsure  where to turn. Without a doubt, the context for decision-making is  changing and it is challenging.

Strategies that used  to work well for decision-making may no longer be  appropriate for an era of data deluge, disruption, and  disorder. Since it is impossible to define one approach  to decision-making that will fit all situations, Hertz  instead recommends that people develop a tool kit for  making more confident decisions.

The  Americans focused on the main object in the photo, but  did not pay attention to the background. In contrast,  the Chinese students took longer to focus on the main  object, but also took time to look at the background of  the photo. Hertz makes the analogy that in a complex  world where dangers are hidden and opportunities  are fleeting, we need to consider the “background,”  as well as the main topic we are looking at. She notes  that in the context of decision-making, the picture one  first sees may not give all the information required to make the best  choice. Nisbett’s experiment sug - gests that people are likely to focus  on information that only provides  part of a larger story. It is necessary to get better at  looking beyond what is immediately obvious. 

ECO 372 Week 5 Assignment International Trade and Finance Powerpoint. When people are very focused on one thing, they are unlikely to register  new ECO 372 Week 5 IA International Trade and Finance Speech. 

 Oversimplification of information. 

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This can lead to  loss of essential detail. A good example of this pit - fall is the NASA space shuttle disaster. When making decisions based on summaries, it is still necessary to probe into key details that may be buried  elsewhere.

 The cult of the measurable. By focusing only on things  that can be easily quantified, other important  For the sake of our health, our wealth and our future security,  we must take it upon ourselves to challenge the way we make  our decisions. It’s a matter of self-empowerment. Hertz has given talks for TED and the  World Economic Forum, and she also advises  a range of major corporations. She is associate  director at the Centre for International Business  and Management at the Judge Business School,  University of Cambridge CJA 492 Week 5 International View on Imprisonment that are intangible may be overlooked. 

 The glass is half full.

People often dismiss information that suggests bad things will happen and only  focus on positive news. 

 Looking for data to confirm theories. Once a person  reaches a conclusion, he or she looks for information that supports it, and ignores contradictory in - formation. It is important to actively look for data  that challenges one’s preconceived ideas. 

 Focusing on the past. Being too attached to past successes or failures can affect how individuals view  current decisions. The interplay between the CJA 492 Week 5 International View on Imprisonment and outcomes is always changing.  To avoid these pitfalls, people should try to slow down  the decision-making process and find others who can  provide their viewpoints on decisions, as well. The  best decisions are made with flexibility built in.  People must also be aware of the way that language  affects how they think and how decisions are made.  For example, it is common for individuals to evaluate  fractions differently from percentages. When numerical data is presented as a frequency—such as “MGT 449 Week 4 Individual Assignment Quality Textiles International Scenario” it generates clearer and sometimes  more frightening mental images. On the other hand,  a percentage usually does not create a clear emotional  response.  Color, music, and touch can also trigger emotions, reactions, and memories that may affect  decision-making. Given the wide range of ways that  the decision-making process can be manipulated, it is  important to actively reflect on decisions and attempt  to dislodge the anchors that others are trying use as  influences. Or, ask who is communicating information and what their agenda might be. Also consider  the language being used and how it might sway the  way an opinion is made.  Become Your Own Custodian of Truth  Because it is human nature to crave certainty, it is not  surprising that people tend to blindly accept advice  MKT 450 Week 5 Learning Team Assignment Final International Marketing Plan.

Yet, experts do get things wrong. It is  essential that people challenge experts and consider  dissenting views. Consider asking experts whose  payroll they are on, as well as whether they are up  to date with the latest research. Also, gather different  expert opinions before making important decisions.  A good practice is to become as educated as possible on the important issues. This enables people  to understand what experts are saying and evaluate  their advice. It is important not simply to go with  the majority opinion. Hertz recommends investigating experts’ track records and determining how good  their past assessments have been. If an expert seems  very certain, this is often a warning sign of a person  who is driven by his or her ego, rather than a commitment to objective investigation and advice. It is a  bad idea to take an expert’s advice, simply because it  corresponds with one’s personal views. To make wise  decisions, people must be willing to consider view - points that are dramatically different from their own.  At the other end of the spectrum from traditional  experts are ordinary people, or “lay experts,” who  have deep firsthand experience that may be relevant  to the decision-making process. Because lay experts  are on the front lines, they often have access to insights  that experts or people at the top of an organization  may never see. Unfortunately, most organizations  undervalue the lay knowledge which resides among  employees. Instead of posting suggestion boxes in the  workplace, Hertz suggests identifying specific questions that the organization needs input on and posing  those questions to employees. Another option is a  “prediction market” which aggregates information  from employees about the probability of future events  occurring. Prediction markets are useful because they  allow companies to continually revise forecasts as  new developments occur in real time.  While lay experts can be an important source of  information for decision-making, it is important to  remember that they must have direct experience  related to the decision in question. If his or her lay  expert does not have that type of experience, feedback  will not be useful. Lay experts also tend to provide  anecdotal information which may not support 350  International Human Resource Management – ENTIRE COURSE.

Input provided by lay experts should  be analyzed and challenged in the same way that  feedback from traditional experts is. Going Digital with Caution  Today’s information gathering and broadcasting  processes are very different from years past, when  information was handed down from media authorities. Thanks to social media and mobile phones, it  is possible for ordinary citizens to co-create sources  of knowledge. For decision makers, however, it can  be challenging to navigate this  landscape and to identify which  information streams are credible and which are not. On the  other hand, decision makers also  now have the opportunity to  incorporate unfiltered, real time  information into decisions which  can be beneficial. By listening in on digital conversations, it is possible  to monitor how people are thinking about different  issues and identify patterns. With social media tools  like Twitter, information is disseminated so rapidly  that it may be possible to discover information well  before broadcasters and analysts have communicated  it more widely.  On the other hand, when listening into online conversations, there are ethical considerations. In addition,  questions of representativeness are also an issue— that is, what can be read into what is communicated  online. Often online dialogues only include one group  of people. Since social media is still relatively new,  little is known about the relationship between what  people say online and the actions they actually take.  As with all aspects of decision-making, it is important  to interrogate any new information and not take it at  face value. An interesting online phenomenon is “sock puppets”  —these are people who assume a completely false  We have to understand that the picture we see at first may  not give us all the information we need to make the best possible decision. We need to learn to see beyond what is obvious,  beyond what we are culturally or conventionally attuned to  focus on ASHFORD BUS 650 Week 6 DQ 2 International

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More generally speaking, the Internet is rife with  people expressing extreme views, as well as false  information. Even the U.S. government was found  to be considering ways to distribute pro-government  comments online. When security technology company FIN 419 Week 5 Learning Team Assignment International Finance Paper was hacked by Anonymous in  2011, the hackers found that the U.S. government was  inviting bids for development of “persona management” software that could create social media bots  that would post pro-government comments.  The burden lies on decision makers to ensure that  their information sources are credible. For example,  Hertz recommends trying to contact online informa - tion sources directly via phone, email, or in person. To  determine whether online information is trustworthy,  she has developed a five step process:

1. Who? ECO 372 Week 5 International Trade and Finance Speech  Is the information source  who they claim to be? Is there an  obvious reason why they might  not be who they claim to be? Ex - treme viewpoints are often an  indicator. 2. How?  How did the online source  obtain its information?

3. Where? ECO 372 Week 5 Assignment International Trade and Finance Speech Where is the source lo - cated? This may provide insight into whether  views can be trusted. If knowledge is supposedly  local, can that be proved?

4. What? GBM 381 Week 5 Learning Team Assignment International Financial Organizations Paper  It is important to determine whether what a  source is saying is fact or opinion.

 5. Who else? GBM 381 COMPLETE COURSE (International Trade)  It is a good idea to see if there are at least  a couple of other sources that can corroborate in - formation. 

Triangulation is the term used for finding at least two other independent sources to sup - port information, while  falsification is the term used  for finding credible information that contradicts a  claim. When making a decision, people must be sure to  allow enough time to review information and identify  red flags before taking action.  Developing Survival Skills  One key to smart decision-making is being comfort - able with numbers and statistics. This is the best way  to avoid being manipulated by data. Hertz outlines  several pitfalls associated with mathematical information: • Assessing risk. A good first step is to determine  whether the risk being discussed is an absolute or  relative risk. An absolute risk is the actual chance  that something will happen to a person, while a  relative risk provides information about a proportional increase or decrease in risk. For example, the  lifetime risk of developing colon cancer is about five  percent or five people in 100. This is the absolute  risk. A 20 percent increase in relative risk would  mean that the absolute risk would be increased by  just one percentage point—six percent or six people in 100. When doctors and pharmaceutical companies discuss drugs, they usually present benefits  as relative risks which can skew judgment.

LAW 421 Week 2 Addressing International Legal and Ethical Issues Simulation Summary. Conditional probabilities  often come into play with medical tests. For example, mammograms correctly classify 90 percent of  women. But what is the probability that a person  gets a positive result from a routine mammogram  and does not have breast cancer? The confusion  with mammograms often stems from mixing up  the hypothesis of having breast cancer and the evidence of the test result. If a person has cancer, there  is a 90 percent likelihood that the test will be correct. But it is necessary to compare the likelihood of  a correct positive and the likelihood of a false positive. To make this comparison, the baseline risk  must be known—that is, the proportion of women  over 50 who are likely to have breast cancer. Out of  100 women of a similar age, one will have breast  cancer. Since her test will probably be accurate,  there is one correct positive. However, of the 99  women who do not have cancer, around ten per - If it’s a decision that really matters, you need to build your own  knowledge base, think for yourself, be ready to know what the  right questions are, and what kind of answers you might receive.  You’ve got to make sure you understand what it is your experts  are telling you, what they’re recommending or advising, so that  you can properly consider their steer.

That  makes 11 positive tests and only one is accurate. 

 BUS 430 Week 2 Individual Assignment International Law Memo. It is a good idea to think  about who is providing a number and what their  intention is. If their goal is to shock, it is advisable  to contextualize the number. This can help avoid  missing the bigger picture. Another approach is to  check the source of ECO HC561 Week 6 Learning Team Assignment International Paper.

 Considering correlation and causation. When a conclusion is based on statistics, it is important to  understand how the conclusion was reached and  whether the right assumptions were used. Consider whether the inferences are logical. In some cases,  numbers can serve as a “red herring,” distracting  people away from the true cause and effect.

 Avoiding cherry picking. In some cases, data is selected specifically to support a particular position.  To determine whether data is distorted, look at the  time span and consider whether anything unusual  was happening in that period. ECO 370 Week 5 Learning Team Environmental Economics, Disparity, and International Agreements Presentation.

 Ashford BUS 402 Week 4 DQ 1 International Markets. Graphs can be constructed in  ways that are misleading. Always check the y-axis  and see if it starts at zero. If it does not, try reimagining how the graph would look if it did. It is important to put graphs in context: how does the data  compare to a longer period or a different year?

 MGMT 520 Week 1 Dq 1 National and international ethics – Patent rights. Consider who completed the  survey and why. Even if the survey methodology  is sound, people may not respond to questions  truthfully. The questions may also be structured in  a way to prompt one response over another.  In addition to developing better skills for interpreting numerical data, another important survival skill is  monitoring how one’s emotions affect decision-making. It is not surprising that stress can influence how  people make choices. When individuals are stressed,  they are more likely to succumb to common decision- making pitfalls. In times when important decisions  must be made, Hertz advises people to distance them - selves from the common stressors in daily life.

If it is  possible to ask someone else to assume less important  responsibilities, this can free up time and space for  better decision-making.  Internal emotional cues can also have a significant  impact on how people make decisions. However,  studies show that simply acknowledging emotions  can lead to better choices. When people detach them - selves from their feelings, it can prevent them from  unconsciously making decisions that support their  emotions and support more rational choices. It can be  as simple as asking how one is feeling and answering  in as specific a way as possible. Shaking Things Up  The secret to shaking up decision-making is to  embrace dissent and encourage difference. The reality is that people do not make decisions in isolation.  They are influenced by what other people say, think,  and do. It is human nature to surround oneself with  BUS 430 COMPLETE COURSE (International Business Law) who are similar, but this has a negative effect  on decision-making. There are many examples of  bad decisions that were made due to conformity and  insufficient divergence of opinions.  To make better decisions, people need to surround  themselves with people who have different experiences and backgrounds.

Research has shown, for  example, that multi-generational management teams  perform better than teams comprised of people of  a MKT 450 Week 1 Individual Assignment International &amp Domestic Marketing Paper. Getting people to speak their minds  is important. Unfortunately in the  workplace, employees often tell their  supervisors what they think they  want to hear, rather than what they  need to hear.  One way to avoid these dynamics is  to assemble teams where members  have diverse experiences. From a  hiring perspective, it is also a good idea to hire from  different backgrounds. Using structured interviews  as the basis for hiring rather than informal chats can  help achieve this goal. Managers also need to make  it clear that they want to hear opinions that may not  conform to the majority views. This means asking  The credibility of online sources is a major issue, with serious  ramifications for how we interpret and act on the information  they offer up. One that is increasingly ours to address. For of  course, making smart decisions isn’t only about who to turn to  for advice, or where to get your information from.

Out - side the workplace, people can commit to getting their  information from a wide variety of sources which  portray a multitude of viewpoints  Features of the Book Estimated Reading Time: 5–6 hours, 344 pages Eyes Wide Open  provides many different tools that  readers can use to make more conscious and informed  decisions. Most readers will want to read the book  from cover to cover. Each chapter concludes with  takeaways and a list of “quick tips.” These features  are useful references for individuals who may want to  revisit the book to refresh their knowledge of certain  key points. At the end of the book, the author has also  provided notes and an index for reference.  Contents This Decision Will Change Your Life Step One: Get to Grips with a World in Hyper-Drive Keep Your Eyes Wide Open Step Two: See the Tiger and the Snake Step Three: Don’t Be Scared of the ASHFORD BUS 694 Week 1 Proposed International Business Acquisition Become Your Own Custodian of Truth Step Four: Ditch Deference and Challenge Experts Step Five: Learn from Shepherds and Shop Assistants Go Digital...With Caution Step Six: Co-Create and Listen In Step Seven: Scrutinise Sock Puppets and Screen Your  Sources Develop Your Survival Skills Step Eight: Overcome Your Math Anxiety Step Nine: Monitor Your Emotional Thermostat Shake Things Up Step Ten: ASHFORD POL 310 Week 5 DQ 1 Hazardous Waste and International Environmental Policy